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"description": "Citation_Information:\n\n Originator:\n Groundwater Inventory and Mapping Project, a cooperative effort between the Water Bureau - Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, USGS - Michigan Water Science Center and Michigan State University - Institute of Water Research, RS&GIS and Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering. This project was mandated by P.A. 148 (Michigan Acts of 2003). Major funding was provided by MDEQ, supplemented with additional funds from the USGS Cooperative Water Program. \n Publication_Date: October 28th, 2005\n Title: Glacial Deposits - Estimated Yield\n Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data\n Series_Information:\n Publication_Information:\n Online_Linkage: \n Online_Linkage: \n Larger_Work_Citation:\n\n Citation_Information:\n\n Originator: Groundwater Inventory and Mapping Project\n Publication_Date: August 18th,2005\n Title:\n Executive Summary - Public Act 148: Groundwater Inventory and Map Project \n Edition: 1st\n Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Adobe PDF document\n Online_Linkage: \n\nDescription:\n\n Abstract:\n The data points used to create this raster grid were obtained from Wellogic, the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality Statewide Groundwater Database (SGWD). Wellogic contains approximately 425,000 water well records found within the State of Michigan, and although it represents the best available data, it cannot be considered a complete database of all the wells or well records in existence. The well files were downloaded by county and merged together to create a statewide file. In the merge process any well that fell outside of its designated county boundary was removed from the original data set. Approximately 270,000 records were used in this file after the inconsistent point locations and bad data values were removed. A series of additional attributes were added to the database, this is a brief overview of how the well locations were processed:\n\n A GIS data update utility created at MSU was used to process and merge the county wells; this also added many glacial drift and rock well fields, and percentages for aquifer drift material based on the existing Wellogic and lithology database information. Next the percentages of aquifer material and trend information were calculated for the drift index. These fields were used by the USGS to further calculate the wells estimated yield values. A detailed account of these processes can be found later on in this document. \n Purpose:\n Yield from a local area in the commonly-used portion of the glacial deposits was mapped as the estimated pumping rate (gallons per minute) that would cause a fifty-percent decrease in the water level in the pumping well (sometimes referred to as available drawdown). This fifty-percent threshold value accounts for the generally accepted manner that high-capacity water wells operate (i.e. well efficiency). The estimated yield was calculated using a simple analytical equation to combine transmissivity, the saturated thickness and a storativity value of 0.0016, which is typical of a leaky-confined aquifer.\n\n The yield map should not be viewed as a guarantee of yield from a well at a specific location. \n Supplemental_Information:\n Areas of thin glacial deposits (<30 feet thick) are shown because legally-constructed water wells screened in the glacial deposits of these areas are unlikely. The no-data areas on the map are zones more than 2000 meters away from a well record in Wellogic. This 2000-meter buffer zone balances the desire to note areas that lack data in Wellogic with the need for a statewide estimate. To flag these areas in this raster grid, negative values were assigned. Thin glacial deposits (<30 feet thick) were assigned a \"-1\" value. No-data areas were assigned a \"-2\" value.\n\n It should also be noted that all islands were removed from the State because inadequate amounts of well locations were present to estimate a grid surface. \n\nTime_Period_of_Content:\n\n Time_Period_Information:\n\n Single_Date/Time:\n\n Calendar_Date: October 28, 2005\n\n Currentness_Reference: publication date\n\nStatus:\n\n Progress: Complete\n Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned\n\nSpatial_Domain:\n\n Bounding_Coordinates:\n\n West_Bounding_Coordinate: -90.488871\n East_Bounding_Coordinate: -82.122124\n North_Bounding_Coordinate: 47.500217\n South_Bounding_Coordinate: 41.632056\n\nKeywords:\n\n Theme:\n\n Theme_Keyword: Wells\n Theme_Keyword: Wellogic\n Theme_Keyword: Estimated Yield\n Theme_Keyword: Transmissivity\n Theme_Keyword: Groundwater\n Theme_Keyword: Grid surface\n\n Place:\n\n Place_Keyword: Michigan\n Place_Keyword: State\n\nAccess_Constraints: No restrictions on access\nUse_Constraints: No restrictions on use\nPoint_of_Contact:\n\n Contact_Information:\n\n Contact_Person_Primary:\n\n Contact_Person: Justin M Booth\n Contact_Organization:\n Remote Sensing and GIS Research and Outreach Services, Michigan State University \n\n Contact_Position: Information Technology Professional\n Contact_Address:\n\n Address_Type: mailing and physical address\n Address: Geography Building, Michgan State University\n City: East Lansing\n State_or_Province: MI\n Postal_Code: 48824\n\n Contact_Voice_Telephone: (517)432-0446\n Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (517)353-1821\n\nData_Set_Credit:\n Remote Sensing & GIS Research and Outreach Services - Department of Geography; Institute of Water Research; Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, US Geological Survey, Michigan Water Science Center \nNative_Data_Set_Environment:\n Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.1.0.722",
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"title": "Glacial Deposite of Michigan",
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